Non-Surgical Spine Treatments

Chronic Pain Update: Ziconotide - A New Class of Pharmacologic Agent

Ziconotide is the first FDA-approved agent in a promising class of drugs called the conotoxins. Its release carried the specific indication for intrathecal use in chronic pain patients.

Indications, Risks, and Contraindications: Epidural Corticosteroid Injections

A review of the indications, risks, and contraindications for epidural steroid injections including study results.

Precision Injection Techniques for Diagnosis and Treatment of Lumbar Disc Disease: The Next Step

Precision spine injections are potentially powerful tools for both diagnosing and treating the anatomic source of chronic spinal pain.

Epidural Corticosteroid Injections: Technical Considerations - Part B

Various routes for administration of epidural steroids are discussed; figures included.

Epidural Corticosteroid Injections: Technical Considerations, Part A

Fluoroscopic guidance and contrast medium greated increase the accuracy and safety of epidural steroid injections.

Epidural Corticosteroid Injections: Conclusion

Epidural steroid injections have a role in radicular pain, as proven with some controlled and many uncontrolled studies, including meta-anaylses.

References: When, How, and Why to Use Epidural Corticosteroid Injections: An Overview

References for the article "When, How, and Why to Use Epidural Corticosteroid Injections."

Procedural Safety Guidelines for Cervical Epidural Steroid Injections: Appendix 1: Part A

Safety guidelines for cervical epidural steroid injections.

When, How, and Why to Use Epidural Corticosteroid Injections: An Overview

Spinal epidural steroid injections are commonly utilized in the treatment of acute spinal pain and may provide diagnostic confirmation of a specific "pain generator."

Procedural Safety Guidelines for Cervical Epidural Steroid Injections: Appendix 1 - Part B

Part B of Appendix 1 that outlines safety guidelines for cervical epidural steroid injections.

Selective Epidural Injection: Section 1

A selective epidural injection is a variation of the selective nerve root injection.

Selective Epidural Injection: Section 2

A selective epidural approach ensures that the injection incorporates all the sites where pathology can affect the nerve.

Rationale: How, When, and Why to Use Epidural Corticosteroid Injections

There is an ongoing trend toward non-surgical management of disc herniations with or without radiculopathy.
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