References: Direct Lateral Transpsoas Approach
1. Bagby GW. Arthrodesis by the distraction - compression method using a stainless steel implant. Orthopaedics 1988; 11:931-934.
2. Boachie-Adjei, O. Management of adult spinal deformity with combined anterior- posterior arthrodesis and luque-galveston instrumentation. J. Spinal Disorders 1991; 4:131.
3. Brantigan JW, Steffee AD, Lewis ML et al. Lumbar interbody fusion using the Brantigan I/F cage for posterior lumbar interbody fusion and the variable pedicle screw placement system. Two-year results from FDA investigational device exemption clinical trial. Spine 2000; 25:1437-1446.
4. Brodke DS, Dick JC, Kunz DN, et al. Posterior lumbar interbody fusion. A biomechanical comparison including a new threaded cage. Spine 1997; 22:26-31.
5. Burkus K. Anterior lumbar interbody fusion using rh bmp-2 with tapered lordotic cage. Journal Of Spinal Disorders 2002; 15:337-349.
6. Burns, BH. An operation for spondylolisthesis. Lancet 1933; 1:1233 (Transperitoneal Approach).
7. Cao, KD. Load sharing within human lumbar vertebral body: using finite element method. Spine 2001; 26:E253-E260.
8. Capener, N. Spondylolisthesis. Brit. J. Surg. 1932; 19:374-386.
9. Cloward, RB. The treatment of ruptured lumbar intervertebral discs by vertebral fusion. I. Indications, operative technique, after care. J. Neurosurgery 1953; 10:154-158.
10. Cloward, RB. Posterior lumbar interbody fusion update. Clin. Orthop. 1985; 193:16-19.
11. Doors, AP. Load-sharing between anterior and posterior elements in a lumbar motion segment implanted with an artificial disk. Spine 2001; 26:E122-E129.
12. Foley KT, Smith MM. Microendoscopic discectomy. Techniques of Neurosurgery 1997; 3:301-307.
13. Fritzell P. Lumbar fusion vs. nonsurgical treatment for CLBP: A multicenter randomized control trial from the Swedish LSSG. Spine 2001; 26:2521-2532.
14. Frymoyer JW, Nachemson A. Natural history of low back disorders. Frymoyer JW, Ed. The Adult Spine: Principles And Practice. 1991, 1537-50.
15. Heth JA. A biomechanical comparison between anterior and transverse interbody fusion cages. Spine 2001; E261-E267.
16. Humphreys SC. Comparison of posterior and transforaminal approaches to lumbar interbody fusion. Spine 2001; 26:567-571.
17. Hwan TH. Anterior posterior lumbar fusion versus transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: analysis of complications and predictive factors. Journal Of Spinal Disorders 2001; 14:533-540.
18. Iwahara, T. A new method of vertebral body fusion. Surgery (Japan) 1944; 8:271 (Extraperitoneal).
19. Kleenan T. Laparoscopic anterior lumbar interbody fusion with rh bmp-2. A prospective study of clinical and radiographic outcome. Spine 2001; 26:2751-2756.
20. Kuslich SD, Ulstrom CL, Griffith SL, et al. The Bagby and Kuslich method of interbody fusion: history, technique, and 2-year follow-up results of a United States prospective, multicenter trial. Spine 1998; 23:1267-1279.
21. Kuslich SD, Ulstrom CL. The tissue origin of low back pain and sciatica. A report of pain response to tissue stimulation during operation on the lumbar spine using local anesthesia. Orthopaedic Clinics Of North America 1991; 22:181-187.
22. Kumar, A. Interspace distraction and graft subsidence after anterior lumbar fusion with femoral strut allograft. Spine 1993; 18:2393.
23. Lane, JE. Jr., Moore ES, Jr. Transperitoneal approach to the intervertebral disc in the lumbar area. Ann. Surg. 1948; 127:537.
24. Linson, MA. Anterior and combined anteroposterior fusion for lumbar disc pain. A preliminary study. Spine 1991; 16:143.
25. Mathews HH, Evans MT, Bolligan HJ, et al. Laparoscopic discectomy with anterior lumbar interbody fusion. Spine 1995; 20:1797-1802.
26. Moro T, Kikuchi S, Konno S, Yaginuma H. An anatomic study of the lumbar plexus with respect to retroperitoneal endoscopic surgery. Spine 2003; 28:423-428.
27. Nachemson, A. The load on lumbar disk in the different positioning of the body. Clinical Ortho 1966; 45:107-122.
28. O'Brien, JP. The role of fusion for chronic low back pain. Ortho Clin. North Am. 1983; 14:639.
29. Rutkow IM. Orthopaedic operations in the United States 1979-1983. JBJS 1986; 68A: 716.
30. Stauffer RN, Coventry MB. Anterior lumbar spine fusion - analysis of mayo clinic series. JBJS 1972; 54A: 756-768.
31. Weiner BK, Fraser RD. Spine update. Lumbar interbody cages. Spine 1998; 23:634-640.