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Professional Medical News from Leading Journals


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08/06/2008
Lack of Female Neurosurgeons Needs to Be Addressed
Gender inequities are hampering the recruitment and promotion of women into the field of neurosurgery, according to a paper released online this week in advance of publication in an upcoming issue of the Journal of Neurosurgery.
08/05/2008
Resident Burnout Declines Following Duty Hour Standard
While resident burnout declined following implementation of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education standards, duty hour restrictions, total work or sleep hours, medical error rates and occupational injury rates did not significantly change, researchers report in the August issue of Pediatrics.
08/05/2008
Infant Poisoning May Be Due to Over-the-Counter Drugs
A substantial number of children under 2 years of age presenting at the emergency department with an apparent life-threatening event have an abnormal toxicology screen positive for over-the-counter medications, according to an article in the August issue of Pediatrics.
08/05/2008
In U.S., 11 Million Chronically Ill Lack Health Insurance
About 11.4 million adults in the United States with chronic conditions do not have health insurance, and they are less likely to visit a health professional and more likely to use the emergency department for care, according to an article in the Aug. 5 issue of the Annals of Internal Medicine.
08/04/2008
Laser Treatment May Improve Long-Term Vision in Diabetics
In patients with diabetic macular edema, treatment with focal/grid photocoagulation may provide a better long-term response and fewer side effects than treatment with preservative-free intravitreal triamcinolone, according to a report published online July 28 in Ophthalmology.
08/04/2008
Region and Hospital Type Affect Prostate Cancer Care
While there are significant differences in quality indicators related to prostate cancer care based on hospital type and U.S. region, there are no apparent racial differences, researchers report in the Aug. 1 issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology.
08/04/2008
Group B Streptococci Colonization Likely to Recur
Women with group B streptococci genitourinary colonization during an index pregnancy have a significantly increased risk of colonization during a subsequent pregnancy, according to research published in the August issue of Obstetrics & Gynecology.
08/01/2008
Work Time Regulations Adversely Affect British Care
The European Working Time Regulations -- which reduced the maximum working week to 56 hours in 2007, will further reduce it to 48 hours in 2009, and require a minimum of 11 hours rest in any 24-hour period -- have adversely affected clinical care, and the quality of life and training for junior medical staff in the United Kingdom, according to an editorial published online July 31 in BMJ.
08/01/2008
Walker-Friendly Areas Promote Healthy Weight
People who live in older neighborhoods and those who can walk to work are less likely to be obese than their counterparts in newer and less walker-friendly neighborhoods, according to a report published online July 29 in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine.
08/01/2008
Half of Med Students Think Safe Sex Counseling Irrelevant
Roughly half of U.S. medical students don't believe that counseling patients on safe sex will be highly relevant to their practice, according to an article published in the August issue of Obstetrics & Gynecology.
08/01/2008
International Issue of Torture Complicity Analyzed
More than 100 countries condone the use of torture and have often recruited the medical community as participants without consequence, according to an editorial published online July 31 in BMJ.
08/01/2008
Penicillin Prophylaxis During Labor May Not Need 4 Hours
Four hours of intrapartum penicillin G prophylaxis may not be necessary in women positive for group B streptococci, according to research published in the August issue of Obstetrics & Gynecology.
07/31/2008
Mouse Model of Postpartum Depression Developed
Mice lacking a major target of neurosteroid hormones, which have been implicated in various psychiatric and neurological disorders, display abnormal postpartum behavior and may be a useful model for postpartum depression, researchers report in the July 31 issue of Neuron.
07/31/2008
United States' AIDS Relief Plan at Crossroads
The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief has achieved dramatic results so far, thanks to a strong results-oriented focus and sense of urgency, but as Congress reauthorizes funding for the program, it must consider where it goes from here, according to an article published online July 30 in the New England Journal of Medicine.
07/31/2008
Device May Decrease Musculoskeletal Procedure Pain
A reciprocating procedure device decreases patient's pain during musculoskeletal procedures, improves outcomes and may decrease needlestick injuries to health care workers, according to an article published in the July issue of Arthritis & Rheumatism.
07/31/2008
Joint Replacement Linked to Cardiac Complications
Among total joint replacement surgery patients, two new risk factors -- revision surgery and bilateral joint replacement -- as well as traditional risk factors increase odds of cardiac complications, according to an article published in the July issue of Arthritis & Rheumatism.
07/30/2008
Heavier Patients Visiting Cardiac Catheterization Labs
Patients weighing as much as 550 pounds are now being seen in cardiovascular catheterization laboratories, creating logistical and safety challenges, according to a study in the Aug. 1 issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
07/29/2008
Kids' Cancer Survival Low in Many Countries
Annual per-capita government health expenditures are associated with survival of children with cancer in 10 low- and middle-income countries, and half of these countries offer very poor chances of survival for these children, according to research published in the August issue of The Lancet Oncology.
07/29/2008
Use of Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Endocarditis Discouraged
Antibiotic prophylaxis should no longer routinely be given to prevent infective endocarditis in patients undergoing dental and other medical procedures, according to updated guidelines published online July 28 in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. The guidelines were jointly developed by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association.
07/29/2008
Total Knee Arthroplasty Has Long-Term Benefits
The physical function benefits of total knee arthroplasty to treat osteoarthritis are sustained beyond five years and are seen in both obese and non-obese patients, according to the results of a study published online July 28 in the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases.
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