Potassium

The Basics

Potassium is a mineral that is key to many of the body's important functions such as regular heart rate, smooth muscle contraction, transfer of nutrients through cell membranes, and water balance (works with sodium).

People who are potassium deficient may develop hypokalemia, a condition where there is not enough potassium in the blood. Some of the symptoms include weakness, dry skin, acne, chills, depression, muscular fatigue, an abnormal EKG (electrocardiogram, measure heart function), and circulatory problems. The reverse of this condition is hyperkalemia (too much potassium in the blood). Some elderly people suffer from hyperkalemia due to decreased kidney function or renal failure (all ages).

Sources

Food sources include milk products, unprocessed foods in general, meat, fish, citrus juice (orange), whole grains, legumes, and vegetables. Herbs containing potassium include catnip, hops, nettle, and sage.

Potassium supplements are available in multivitamin preparations and as potassium acetate, potassium bicarbonate, potassium citrate effervescent, potassium chloride, and potassium gluconate.

Guidelines and Cautions

The National Research Council suggests the following as a daily dose:

• Infants 780-mg, children 1600-mg, and adults 3500-mg.
• If pregnant or nursing, consult a medical professional prior to taking a potassium supplement.

Do not include a potassium supplement if taking a multivitamin - unless directed by a medical professional.

Tobacco and caffeine reduce the body's ability to absorb potassium. Laxatives, and diuretics disrupt potassium levels.

If older, taking medication (ibuprofen, beta-blocker, heparin, and others) on a regular basis, and/or if kidney problems exist, consult a medical professional prior to taking a potassium supplement.