Iron

The Basics

Iron, a common metallic element, is important to the body's production of hemoglobin and myoglobin. Hemoglobin is a protein-iron compound that carries oxygen to the cells from the lungs and carbon dioxide away from the cells to the lungs. Myoglobin is found in muscles. It is responsible for the red color of muscle as well as its ability to store oxygen. In addition, iron is required for many enzymes, a healthy immune system, and energy.

Signs of iron deficiency include fatigue, weakness, dizziness, hair loss, brittle hair, fragile bones, and digestive problems. Inadequate iron intake usually is responsible for deficiency. However, heavy menstrual bleeding, intestinal bleeding, ulcers, long-term illnesses, and a poor diet can contribute to an iron deficiency.

Sources

Some of the best food sources include liver, lean red meat, poultry, eggs, whole grains, and green leafy vegetables. Many herbs contain iron, such as paprika, kelp, and peppermint.

The most common prepared form of iron is ferrous sulfate. Many other forms are available, such as ferrous succinate, ferrous gluconate, ferrous lactate, and ferrous gluatmate. Iron supplements should only be taken under the care of a medical professional.

Guidelines and Cautions

For the treatment of iron deficient anemia, adults can take 65-mg of an iron supplement three times per day. Since these supplements are absorbed best without food, take between meals. If taking medication on a regular basis, seek the advice of a medical professional prior to taking an iron supplement.

Proper absorption of certain medications is affected by iron supplements. Therefore, iron supplements should be taken at least two hours before or after any of the following medications: Tetracycline, Penicillamine, Ofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Levodopa, and Disodium Etidronate.

Iron can be fatal to children. Do not give iron to children and keep iron supplements out of their reach.

Calcium (including diary products), antacids, caffeine, and unprocessed whole grains block absorption of iron.