Non-surgical Treatments for a Herniated Disc

A herniated disc is a relatively common condition that seldomly requires surgery. Although 80% of adults will experience back pain at some point, only 1% to 2% will actually need surgery.

If the cause of your back pain is not serious, home therapy may work, and you will moste likely heal within 4 to 6 weeks. During the first 24 to 48 hours, use ice to help reduce swelling, muscle spasm, and pain. (The ice will reduce blood flow to the affected area.) Wrap an ice pack in a towel and put it on the painful area for 15 minutes. Use a heating pad after 48 hours to warm and relax sore tissues. Do not put ice or heat directly on the skin.

When medical attention is needed, most patients respond well to non-surgical treatments for a herniated disc. During your recovery period, your doctor may recommend rest or restricted activity. You may need bed rest for a few days to take the pressure off of your nerves, but you won't be in bed for more than a few days. Extended bed rest is no longer recommended for back pain. Mild activity is preferred for promoting healing, and your doctor may suggest walking, bicycling, or swimming. To help you heal, you may be asked to wear a brace to support your back.

Medications may be prescribed to treat a herniated disc. Anti-inflammatory agents reduce swelling while relieving pain. Narcotic pain relievers may be prescribed for intense but short-lived pain (acute pain). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are available over-the-counter, but it is wise to discuss NSAID use with your doctor because they have a risk of stomach bleeding and other side effects.

Other medications for herniated discs:

• Pain relievers
• Muscle relaxants
• Spinal injections (anesthetics, corticosteroids)
• Anti-depressants
• Sleep aids

You may also consider going to a physical therapist, chiropractor, or acupuncturist. If needed, your doctor will refer you to a physical therapist. Physical therapy includes passive treatments such as cold or heat, deep tissue massage, electrical stimulation, and ultrasound. These treatments help prepare you for therapeutic exercise—the active part of physical therapy. Spinal manipulation by a chiropractor who uses gentle adjustments to help restore spinal function helps many patients. While acupuncture can control pain, it should be combined with other treatments for a herniated disc, such as exercise.